Islamic Architecture

Structuralisms Architecture Moslem architecture encompasses a wide range of both blue and spiritual styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day, influencing the design and construction of constructions and structures in Islamic culture. What is Islam? * The name of the religion is Islam, which comes from an Arabic pedestal word meaning peace and submission. * Islam teaches that one tail end only find peace in ones manners by submitting to Almighty God (Allah) in nub, consciousness and deed. * The same Arabic root word gives us Salaam Alaskan, (Peace be with you), the universal Moslem reediting.Geographical * The Moslem faith flourished in the countries of Southern Asia and labor union Africa. * Other important communities include Zanzibar, Madagascar and China. * In the twentieth century mobility, Islam was brought throughout the world as outlying(prenominal) as Sydney and South shields. * The spread of Islam has been frequently associated with armed services conquest, racial movements and in some cases with the consequent break of established populations. * The most important were the Arab expansion northward and atomic number 74s out of the Arabian peninsula, and the drive of the Turkish ND Mongol groups South, Southeast and Southwest of primaeval Asia.The Islamic world Geological * The countries into which Islam first grow were already rich in building usance and the important techniques of exploitation of natural resources for building dress and trade in building materials had long been established. * Brick do and pipes walling was almost universal in the alluvial plains * temperature reduction effect of structures with very heavy walls and high suite has been widely exploited. * Unprotected circulation atomic number 18 jet. History * A. D. 622 the year of the Hegira, when Mohammed moved from Mecca to Medina.Immediately after his death in 632 the conjunctive efforts of the Arabian Tibet carried death as conquerors into Central Asia and westward towards the Atlantic. Social * The Arab group which were the spearhead of advanced Islam ,were basically tribal, and in consequence the behavior patterns and attributes of emergent Islamic societies were based on traditions of the desert. * Public life was uncommunicative for men. * Women play a secondary role, to be plane section of the kinhold the harem. In public, she is protected by the namelessness of the veil. * Equality was only granted to theAromatic groups. * peoples of the book -Jews and Christians * emancipation of idolization and interval government. Religious * Islam is the last of the triad great religions of the middle east. * Its essence is contained in a simple sentence, which is both the profession of faith and the creed of its adherents * There is only one God and his illusionist Mohammed. * Philosophy of life and government. * The Koran is regarded as the revealing through the medium of the prophet Mohammed. * The Width is the accrual of his sayings or injunctions and is of lesser weight.The law is extracted from the prophets instructions, from tradition and sample. * An credence of the transitory nature of earthly life individual(prenominal) humility an abhorrence of images worship. * The important architectural campaign is normally expended on buildings having a direct friendly or community blueprint, including worships that decorations tends toward the abstract, using geometric, calligraphic and whole works motifs , with a preference for a uniform bowl of decoration rather than a focal gene and that a basic conservatism discouraged innovations and prefer established formsTerminologies * Massed (Persia, India) mosque or a place of worship. * lot mosque, principal place of worship, or use of the building for Friday entreatys * Messed (Turkey) small * Salami mens or prayer house * Madras (Egypt) * Menders (Turkey) religious college and mosque. * Sara Sera palace Building Components * Miramar niche orientated towards Mecca * Member raised platform for ceremonial announcements open-fronted burial vault facing on to a court * ABA doorway * Sans courtyard of a mosque * Minaret tower from which call to prayer was made.Harem womens or private quarters of a house or palace quests quarters * Kibble Kibble axis oriented towards Mecca * piffle (India) kiosk Personnel * muezzin caller who summon the faithful to prayer * Imam man who leads the sheep pen at prayer * wan Ivan (Persia) * Caliph replenishment to the prophet as military, Judicial and spiritual attracter of Islam Architectural Character * Majority of Islamic buildings are fundamentally related to a principal axis. This axis is frequently extended into a formal embellish which is integral part of the sign. The prime axis was the kibble, the habitual concept was derived from the line of balance and symmetry underlying in the concept of perfect creation, as seen in gardens and buildings. * Islamic architecture is relate upon God. At its heart is the Mosque and inward looking building whose prime purpose is contemplation and prayer. * Mosque may serve as a school, transactions may be made on that point and storage for treasures. * Minaret a tower from whose top the Muezzin gave the call to prayer. * Miramar a niche where the leader of the throng (the Imam) sakes his prayers. Menders/Madras college * Han/Caravanserais the hostel * The courtyard the sides were punctuated with gateways, prayer chambers, or bowleg porches wants. Architecture Forms and Styles of Mosques and buildings in Muslim countries Forms Many forms of Islamic architecture have evolved in different regions of the Islamic world. These mosques are square or rectangular in plan with an enclosed courtyard and a cover prayer hall. Sheehan The traditional Islamic courtyard, a Sheehan in Arabic, is found in secular and religious structures.When at heart a accidence or other secular building is a p rivate courtyard and walled garden. A Sheehan courtyard is in within almost every mosque in Islamic architecture. The courtyards are open to the switch and surrounded on all sides by structures with halls and rooms, and a lot a shaded semi-open arcade. Arabesque An element of Islamic art usually found decorating the walls and window screens of mosques and Muslim homes and buildings, the arabesque is an elaborate industry of repeating geometric forms that often echo the forms of plants, shapes and sometimes animals (specifically birds).Calligraphy is associated with geometric Islamic art (the Arabesque) on the walls and ceilings of mosques. contemporaneous artists in the Islamic world draw on the heritage of calligraphy to use calligraphic inscriptions or abstractions in their work. Examples Mosque A Muslim house of worship Minaret A tall tower in, or invariable to a mosque arch stairs leading up to one or more balconies from which the faithful are called to prayer. Kiosk a small pavilion, usually open, reinforced in gardens and parks Pointed arch a two- and four- centered and generally constructed a true arch, Hough corbelled examples were common in India.